Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) - Tokelau (2005)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) z Tokelau (2005)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)	Tokelau (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products; fish, squid	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats
Airports	6 (2007)	none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2007)	-
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	NA	NA
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.)
Capital	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April	none; each atoll has its own administrative center
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	1,288 km	101 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Death rate	NA	NA
Debt - external	$NA	$0
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	none
Economic aid - recipient	$0 (1997 est.)	from New Zealand about $4 million annually
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	14.88 million kWh (2005)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - production	16 million kWh (2005)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Ethnic groups	British	Polynesian
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001), 2.2012 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); note - Dr. Tim THOROGOOD will assume the position of Chief Executive in January 2008 cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since 1 March 2003) head of government: Pio TUIA (since February 2005); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors) functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	NA bbl/day	$98,000 f.o.b. (1983)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat, fish, squid	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2006)	New Zealand (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA% (1996)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
Highways	-	total: NA paved: NA unpaved: NA
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA bbl/day	$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2006)	New Zealand (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	NA%
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	1,724 (est.) (1996)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5% (1996)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	English	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	English common law	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats; 2 members are ex officio and 8 are elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held in November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8	unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats, Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held January 2002 (next to be held January 2005)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: NA male: -9 years female: -9 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	NA	NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	South America	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	no regular military forces	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	NEGL
Net migration rate	NA	NA
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	3,105 (July 2007 est.)	1,405 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	2.44% (2007 est.)	-0.01% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system; domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)	-
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	NA	NA
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	NA%

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